• How is sunflower seed processed for oil production?
  • Figure 1 shows a flowchart of sunflower seed processing for oil production that results in sunflower seed byproducts (whole and defatted sunflower meals) (Figure 2). The process starts with the crushing of the seed, where the whole sunflower meal is generated.
  • Are sunflower seeds oil-bearing?
  • Some oil-bearing plants have a higher oil content, especially sunflower seeds, with an oil content of 45 to 60% and UFA content of more than 90%, which is prone to heat, mildew, oil rancidity, and deterioration during storage (Mangin et al., 2017).
  • Which plant can be used to produce edible oil?
  • Plant can be used to produce edible oil from their seeds, germs, and/or fruits. In the early human history, sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil and olive (Olea europaea) oil were commonly used as EPOs. With the development of agriculture, processing and inspection technologies, more and more plants have been developed for EPO production.
  • How is sunflower meal extracted?
  • Then, the whole sunflower meal is subjected to a new extraction process using solvent, usually hexane or methanol and defatted sunflower meal/cake is generated as a byproduct (Table 1). After this, the oil filtration or decantation step is realized, whose purpose is to separate waste.
  • Are oils from oilseeds a good source of edible oils?
  • Therefore, oils from oilseeds crops (soybean, sunflower, olive, and rapeseed) are found as major sources of edible oils in the global world market for human consumption with high ¦¸-3 and ¦¸-6 fatty acid contents as well as other biological components (Van-Nieuwenhove et al., 2019 ).
  • Which edible oil plants are used for EPO production?
  • Additionally, many woody plants are also used for EPO production (Table 2). Oil-seed camellia, oil palm, olive, and coconut (Cocos nucifera) are the four well-known woody edible oil plants in the world, as they possess a high oil content.