• How much palm kernel oil is produced in Indonesia?
  • A total of 3.9 million tonnes of palm kernel oil (PKO) was produced during the same corresponding period. In the case of Indonesia, the industry has grown rapidly with the oil palm plantation expanding at an annual rate of more than 12% from 1990 to 2005.
  • What are the key products of oil palm cultivation & milling?
  • The key products of oil palm cultivation and milling are crude palm oil and palm kernel. In ensuring that our plantations and mills operate in an environmentally and socially responsible manner, we are guided by our that, applies to our own operations as well as all third-party suppliers.
  • What percentage of palm pressed fibre is produced during a milling process?
  • Based on the mass balance shown in Fig. 1, approximately 9.5% of palm pressed fibre (PPF) is produced during a milling process. The pressed palm fibre normally retains about 0.60% (wrt FFB) of residual oil (see Table 3).
  • What are the major transformations in the palm oil industry?
  • Another notable transformation within the palm oil industry involves the strategic utilization of palm oil biomass, encompassing various components, including oil palm trunk, oil palm fronds, empty fruit bunches, and palm kernel cake.
  • What is a circular economy in the palm oil industry?
  • Lastly, the chapter delves into the concept of a circular economy in the palm oil industry, emphasizing waste reduction, resource optimization, and sustainable practices throughout the palm oil production process.
  • How does a palm oil mill process FFB?
  • FFB delivered to the palm oil mill undergo inspection and grading for ripeness and quality standards before being loaded onto ramp hoppers and cages. These cages are transported into a horizontal sterilizer and subjected to steam heating at 143¡ãC and 3 bar gauge pressure for approximately 90 minutes, in a process known as sterilization .