• Why are oil refineries closed in South Africa?
  • Refinery closures in South Africa are shots fired in the long running contestation between the oil refiners and the government, which has been trying to introduce cleaner fuels.
  • Is Natref a surviving oil refinery in South Africa?
  • Natref is the last surviving oil refinery in South Africa. Three others were closed in the past two years. These refinery closures and the possible permanent closure of the Natref refinery are shots fired in the long running contestation between the oil refiners and the government, which has been trying to introduce cleaner fuels specifications.
  • Which Durban refineries have made good on their threats?
  • In the latest round, the two Durban refineries made good on their threats. Engen (Petronas) in 2020, following an explosion and fire, and Sapref (Shell and BP) after its temporary closure during the insurrection in July 2021. Natref appears to be playing a waiting game on the government¡¯s latest deadline, which has been shifted from 2023 to 2027.
  • Which countries produce coconut oil?
  • ) (Canapi et al 2005).World production of coconut oil (CNO) or copra oil is about 3.4M tonnes, about half of which is raded internationally. The main producing countries are India, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Thai
  • What is the difference between RBD and pure coconut oil?
  • sed (RBD) coconut oil. Both types are referred to as pure coconut oil, and the main difference is in the productio s.REFINED COCONUT OILThe first step in CNO production is dehulling, which involves cracking the shell to take ut the meat or kernel. The kernel contains about 50% moisture, and it is dried to a moisture content of 6-8%
  • What are the different types of coconut oil?
  • duction and processingCoconut oil is generally classified into two categories: virgin coconut oil and refined, bleached and deodor sed (RBD) coconut oil. Both types are referred to as pure coconut oil, and the main difference is in the productio